Gastritis/GERD (Esophageal Reflux)

Gastritis/Heartburn

Gastritis is a general term for a variety of stomach ailments that cause swelling to the stomach's inner lining.  It occurs when the mucosal membrane inside the stomach is weakened or damaged, allowing stomach acid to irritate the inside of the stomach.  Unlike gastroenteritis, which affects the entire digestive tract, gastritis is limited to the stomach itself.  The inflammation is commonly caused by a bacterial infection, including food poisoning, but injuries, alcohol use and the over-use of certain pain medications can also cause this condition. 

Gastritis can be either acute, arising suddenly, or chronic, occurring over a long period.  Acute gastritis is the underlying cause of what most people call a "stomach bug."  Extended periods of chronic gastritis can lead to other digestive problems including stomach ulcers.  For most patients, however, gastritis is usually fairly mild and resolves quickly with treatment. 

The symptoms of gastritis are often similar to those of stomach ulcers:

-- A gnawing, hunger-like pain or burning ache in the upper abdomen
-- Nausea and vomiting
-- A feeling of fullness after eating localized to the upper abdomen

Treatment of gastritis will depend largely on the underlying cause of the inflammation.  If it is caused by the use of NSAIDs or alcohol, stopping the use of these substances will cause symptoms to subside.  Bacterial infections may require antibiotic treatment.  Finally, a doctor will most likely prescribe a medication to temporarily reduce stomach acid, either by neutralizing it through an antacid or blocking its production.  Reducing the acid in your stomach will bring relief to symptoms while the mucosal membrane re-forms. 

Gastritis sometimes does not present symptoms, and the symptoms can often be very mild.  If systems persist for a week or more or are very severe, it's time to visit a doctor.  You should also seek medical attention right away if you find blood in your stool or vomit, or if you experience dehydration as a result of vomiting.